Debian 执行apt-get update失败提示：请使用 apt-cdrom，通过它可以让 APT 识别该盘片。apt-get upgdate 不能被用来加入新的盘片

1. root@Debian:~# apt-get update
2. 忽略:1 cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23] bullseye InRelease
3. 错误:2 cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23] bullseye Release
4. 请使用 apt-cdrom，通过它可以让 APT 识别该盘片。apt-get upgdate 不能被用来加入新的盘片。
5. 错误:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease
6. 暂时不能解析域名“security.debian.org”
7. 正在读取软件包列表... 完成
8. E: 仓库 “cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23] bullseye Release” 没有 Release 文件。
9. N: 无法安全地用该源进行更新，所以默认禁用该源。
10. N: 参见 apt-secure(8) 手册以了解仓库创建和用户配置方面的细节。

• 问题原因：

从上面可以看出镜像源出现了问题，默认从cdrom获取镜像源，由于我们光驱中并没有放置安装光盘，因此需要修改镜像源。

• 解决办法：

查看当前镜像源配置文件 sources.list

1. root@debian:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
2. # deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23]/ bullseye contrib main
4. deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23]/ bullseye contrib main
6. deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
7. deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
9. # bullseye-updates, to get updates before a point release is made;
10. # see https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html#_updates_and_backports
11. # A network mirror was not selected during install. The following entries
12. # are provided as examples, but you should amend them as appropriate
13. # for your mirror of choice.
14. #
15. # deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib
16. # deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib

替换镜像源，注释掉原有的镜像源，这里存放了阿里云、腾讯云、网易三个镜像源，只启用阿里云的镜像源，如下修改：

1. root@debian:/etc/apt# cat sources.list
2. # deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23]/ bullseye contrib main
4. #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 11.3.0 _Bullseye_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20220326-11:23]/ bullseye contrib main
6. #deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
7. #deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib
9. # bullseye-updates, to get updates before a point release is made;
10. # see https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html#_updates_and_backports
11. # A network mirror was not selected during install. The following entries
12. # are provided as examples, but you should amend them as appropriate
13. # for your mirror of choice.
14. #
15. # deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib
16. # deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib
19. #Aliyun Apt Source 阿里云镜像源
20. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main contrib
21. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main contrib
22. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib
23. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib
24. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib
25. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib
26. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-proposed-updates main contrib
27. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-proposed-updates main contrib
30. #Tencent Apt Source 腾讯云镜像源
31. #deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
32. #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
33. #deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
34. #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
35. #deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
36. #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
37. #deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
38. #deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
40. #163 Apt Source 网易镜像源
41. #deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
42. #deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
43. #deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
44. #deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
45. #deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
46. #deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
47. #deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
48. #deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib

重新更新镜像源缓存，出现如下错误

1. root@debian:~# apt-get update
2. 错误:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye InRelease
3. 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
4. 错误:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-updates InRelease
5. 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
6. 错误:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports InRelease
7. 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
8. 错误:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates InRelease
9. 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
10. 正在读取软件包列表... 完成
11. W: 无法下载 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/dists/bullseye/InRelease 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
12. W: 无法下载 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/dists/bullseye-updates/InRelease 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
13. W: 无法下载 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/dists/bullseye-backports/InRelease 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
14. W: 无法下载 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/dists/bullseye-proposed-updates/InRelease 暂时不能解析域名“mirrors.aliyun.com”
15. W: 部分索引文件下载失败。如果忽略它们，那将转而使用旧的索引文件。

修改DNS配置文件

1. ​
2. root@debian:~# nano /etc/resolv.conf
3. nameserver 114.114.114.114
4. nameserver 8.8.8.8
6. root@debian:~# nano /etc/network/interface
7. 修改
8. nameserver 114.114.114.114

Ctrl+X退出保存配置，并重启服务器。然后再次更新镜像源就没问题了。

1. root@debian:~# apt-get update
2. 获取:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye InRelease [116 kB]
3. 获取:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [39.4 kB]
4. 获取:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports InRelease [44.2 kB]
5. 获取:4 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates InRelease [44.6 kB]
6. 获取:5 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/main Sources [8,627 kB]
7. 获取:6 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/contrib Sources [43.0 kB]
8. 获取:7 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages [8,182 kB]
9. 获取:8 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/main Translation-en [6,241 kB]
10. 获取:9 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/main Translation-zh_CN [114 kB]
11. 获取:10 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/main Translation-zh [1,215 B]
12. 获取:11 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/contrib amd64 Packages [50.5 kB]
13. 获取:12 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye/contrib Translation-en [46.9 kB]
14. 获取:13 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-updates/main Sources [1,868 B]
15. 获取:14 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-updates/main amd64 Packages [2,592 B]
16. 获取:15 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-updates/main Translation-en [2,343 B]
17. 获取:16 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/main Sources [281 kB]
18. 获取:17 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/contrib Sources [2,556 B]
19. 获取:18 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/main amd64 Packages [302 kB]
20. 获取:19 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/main Translation-en [233 kB]
21. 获取:20 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/contrib amd64 Packages [4,704 B]
22. 获取:21 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-backports/contrib Translation-en [4,196 B]
23. 获取:22 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/contrib Sources [1,264 B]
24. 获取:23 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/main Sources [56.3 kB]
25. 获取:24 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/main amd64 Packages [85.9 kB]
26. 获取:25 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/main Translation-en [56.6 kB]
27. 获取:26 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/contrib amd64 Packages [1,320 B]
28. 获取:27 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian bullseye-proposed-updates/contrib Translation-en [925 B]
29. 已下载 24.6 MB，耗时 44秒 (564 kB/s)
30. 正在读取软件包列表... 完成

最后我们要执行

root@debian:~# apt-get upgrade

注意：update是更新软件列表，upgrade是更新软件。